{"id":221,"date":"2012-06-21T17:08:02","date_gmt":"2012-06-21T16:08:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/?p=221"},"modified":"2017-02-24T10:27:02","modified_gmt":"2017-02-24T09:27:02","slug":"samba-en-integration-ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/samba-en-integration-ad\/","title":{"rendered":"Samba en int\u00e9gration AD (Windows Server 2012) – Tutoriel N\u00b03"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"image_pdf\"Enregistrer en PDF<\/span><\/a><\/a><\/div>

Dans ce cours, nous allons voir comment int\u00e9grer un poste Linux avec des partages samba dans un domaine Active Directory ( Windows\u00a0Server\u00a02012 )<\/span><\/h2>\n

Rappel :<\/strong><\/span>
\nActive Directory<\/b>\u00a0(AD) est la mise en \u0153uvre par\u00a0Microsoft\u00a0des services d’annuaire\u00a0LDAP\u00a0pour les\u00a0syst\u00e8mes d’exploitation\u00a0Windows. AD fournit\u00a0des services centralis\u00e9s d’identification et d’authentification \u00e0 un r\u00e9seau d’ordinateurs WINDOWS et de contr\u00f4leur de domaines.
\nUne arborescence\u00a0<\/span>AD<\/i>\u00a0comprend :
\n<\/span>La for\u00eat\u00a0: structure hi\u00e9rarchique d’un ou plusieurs domaines\u00a0<\/span>ind\u00e9pendants\u00a0.C’est l’ensemble de tous les sous domaines\u00a0<\/span>Active Directory<\/i>.
\nAD utilise les services de Kerberos pour l’authentification et les informations de session.<\/span><\/p>\n

Au pr\u00e9alable, nous aurons besoin : <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

D’une machine VM avec Windows Server 2012 (AD et DNS), nous avons cr\u00e9\u00e9 un domaine comme ci-dessous repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Capture\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\ud83d\ude42 Je vous renvoie \u00e0 l’excellent tutoriel de Benoit Jester pour installer AD\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

Nous aurons besoin sur la machine VM linux d’installer\u00a0<\/span>les paquets Samba (et WinBind) , Kerberos et NTP.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Samba \u00e9videmment permet de g\u00e9rer le partage en monde h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne … Kerberos g\u00e8re l’authentification r\u00e9seau sur le domaine AD.<\/p>\n

I – NTP et \/etc\/resolv.conf:<\/span><\/h2>\n

NTP permet de synchroniser avec un serveur de temps la machine Linux et le serveur AD.<\/span><\/p>\n

apt-get install ntp
\nvi \/etc\/ntp.conf
\non y ajoute la ligne :
\nserver winserver.formation.local<\/strong>
\n#server NomADServer.domaine.tld<\/strong><\/p>\n

Il faudra v\u00e9rifier dans le \/etc\/resolv.conf que l’on ait bien re\u00e7u les informations des DNS du r\u00e9seau !!!<\/p>\n

\u00a0II – KRB5-USER<\/span><\/h2>\n

apt-get install krb5-user
\n# pour utiliser l’authentification Kerberos en tant que client du server AD<\/span><\/em>
\nAttention \u00e0 la casse<\/strong> <\/span>dans l’\u00e9dition de \/etc\/krb5.conf<\/p>\n

\u00a0[libdefaults]<\/strong><\/p>\n

default_realm = FOMATION.LOCAL<\/p>\n

[realms]
\n<\/strong>
\nFOMATION.LOCAL<\/em>\u00a0= {
\nkdc = winserver.formation.local
\nadmin_server =\u00a0\u00a0winserver.formation.local
\ndefault_domain = formation.local
\n}
\n[domain_realm]
\n.formation.local=FORMATION.LOCAL
\nformation.local=FORMATION.LOCAL<\/p>\n

[login]<\/strong>
\nkrb4_convert = true
\nkrb4_get_tickets = false<\/p>\n

Pour cr\u00e9er le compte machine et faire partie de Active Directory de Windows Server 2012, Kerberos doit tout d’abord \u00eatre initialis\u00e9 comme serveur membre faisant partie du domaine AD<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour cr\u00e9er un ticket administratif pour Kerberos :<\/p>\n

[root@\/home\/tux] kinit michel@FORMATION.LOCAL
\n<\/strong>Password for michel@FORMATION.LOCAL:
\n<\/strong>[root@\/home\/tux]\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

klist<\/span> <\/strong>permet de v\u00e9rifier l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du ticket \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

Si il n’y a pas de message d’erreur c’est OK.<\/p>\n

III – SAMBA – SMB.CONF<\/span><\/h2>\n

[global]<\/span><\/strong>
\nworkgroup = FORMATION #Nom de Domaine<\/span><\/em><\/span>
\npassword server = WINSERVER.formation.local #NomADServer.domain.tld<\/span><\/em><\/span>
\nrealm = FORMATION.LOCAL #domain.tld<\/span><\/em><\/span>
\nsecurity = ADS<\/span>
\nidmap uid = 10000-20000
\nidmap gid = 10000-20000
\nwinbind separator = \/
\n<\/span><\/strong>#on peut se connecter en console comme ci-dessous : le s\u00e9parateur entre le nom de domaine et le user
\n# lorsqu’on teste le bind avec AD wbinfo -u, on verra
\nFORMATION+michel<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Capture\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

template shell = \/bin\/bash
\nwinbind use default domain = true
\n#on peut se passer de l’authentification \\\\domaine\\login<\/span>
\nwinbind offline logon = false
\nnetbios name = DEBIAN<\/span>
\npreferred master = no
\nserver string = Samba Server version %v
\nencrypt passwords = yes
\nlog level = 3
\nlog file = \/var\/log\/samba\/%m
\nmax log size = 50
\nprintcap name = cups
\nprinting = cups
\nwinbind enum users = Yes
\n#samba doit faire appel \u00e0 Winbind pour g\u00e9rer ses users<\/span>
\nwinbind enum groups = Yes
\n#samba doit faire appel \u00e0 Winbind pour g\u00e9rer ses groupes<\/span>
\ntemplate homedir = \/home\/%D\/%U<\/span><\/strong>
\n# r\u00e9pertoire cr\u00e9\u00e9 sur le serveur Linux samba sous home avec le nom de domaine puis le nom du user
\n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[homes]<\/strong>
\nwritable = yes
\nbrowsable = no
\nvalid users = %S<\/em><\/p>\n

[tmp]<\/strong><\/p>\n

comment = Partage SAMBA de tmp
\npath= \/tmp
\n# NETWORK\/<\/span><\/strong>USER_AD @NETWORK\/GROUP_AD
\nValid Users = @”Admins du domaine” , @TECHNIQUE , Administrateur
\nwritable=yes
\nbrowseable=yes\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Capture\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

IV – NSSWITCH\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

\/etc\/nsswitch permet d’indiquer comment et dans quel ordre la r\u00e9solution des noms des machines va se faire, cela peut \u00eatre le dns, un fichier de hosts \ud83d\ude41 , etc … et surtout WinBind dans notre cas qui est capable de nous ‘lier’ \u00e0 l’annuaire Windows \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

vi \/etc\/nsswitch.conf<\/strong>
\npasswd: files winbind<\/span><\/span>
\nshadow: files winbind<\/span>
\ngroup: files winbind<\/span><\/p>\n

V – R\u00e8gles d’authentification PAM – Pluggable Authentification Module<\/span><\/h2>\n

La machine Linux est r\u00e9gie par des r\u00e8gles d’authentification communes \u00e0 plusieurs services.
\nAu lieu que chaque service utilise son propre syst\u00e8me d’authentification d’utilisateurs, Linux PAM fournit une biblioth\u00e8que dynamique <\/span>\/lib\/security<\/strong>\u00a0contenant\u00a0les <\/span>fonctions<\/strong> appropri\u00e9es \u00e0 la m\u00e9thode d’authentification utilis\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les fichiers de configuration de PAM sont stock\u00e9s dans \/etc\/pam.d\/ .<\/strong><\/span>Il existe un fichier pour chaque programme du syst\u00e8me qui authentifie les utilisateurs.
\nCes fichiers se composent de la mani\u00e8re suivante :<\/p>\n

M\u00e9canisme \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Indicateur de\u00a0contr\u00f4le\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0chemin\/module \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Arguments<\/strong>
\n4\u00a0principaux\u00a0m\u00e9canismes<\/strong> :
\nAUTH<\/span> : identification classique(login+mdp)
\nACCOUNT<\/span> : v\u00e9rification du compte
\nPASSWORD<\/span> : v\u00e9rification du mdp
\nSESSION<\/span> : acc\u00e8s aux ressources pendant la\u00a0session\u00a0de connexion<\/p>\n

Les contr\u00f4les<\/strong> (flags) :
\nSUFFICIENT<\/span> : on attend 1 succ\u00e8s ou 1 \u00e9chec du module
\nREQUIRED<\/span> : le succ\u00e8s du module est n\u00e9cessaire pour autoriser le service
\nREQUISITE<\/span> : idem que REQUIRED mai sle test s’arr\u00eate illico apr\u00e8s le 1er \u00e9chec
\nOPTIONAL<\/span> : le succ\u00e8s du module n’est pas vital !<\/p>\n

commande cool \ud83d\ude42 : pam-auth-update<\/strong><\/p>\n

[root@\/etc\/pam.d] cat common-account<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

account [success=2 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_unix.so
\naccount [success=1 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_winbind.so<\/strong>
\naccount requisite pam_deny.so
\naccount required pam_permit.so<\/p>\n

[root@\/etc\/pam.d] cat common-auth<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure
\nauth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_winbind.so krb5_auth krb5_ccache_type=FILE cached_login try_first_pass<\/strong>
\nauth requisite pam_deny.so
\nauth required pam_permit.so
\nauth optional pam_cap.so<\/p>\n

[root@\/etc\/pam.d] cat common-password<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

password [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so obscure sha512
\npassword [success=1 default=ignore] pam_winbind.so use_authtok try_first_pass<\/strong>
\npassword requisite pam_deny.so
\npassword required pam_permit.so
\npassword optional pam_gnome_keyring.so<\/p>\n

[root@\/etc\/pam.d] cat common-session<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

session [default=1] pam_permit.so
\nsession requisite pam_deny.so
\nsession required pam_permit.so
\nsession required pam_unix.so
\nsession optional pam_winbind.so<\/strong>
\nsession optional pam_ck_connector.so nox11
\nsession required pam_mkhomedir.so skel=\/etc\/skel<\/strong><\/p>\n

VI – Red\u00e9marrage des serveurs<\/span><\/h2>\n

\/etc\/init.d\/samba restart
\n\/etc\/init.d\/winbind\/restart<\/p>\n

VII – Int\u00e9gration de la machine Linux au domaine AD<\/span><\/h2>\n

[root@\/etc\/pam.d] net join -U Administrateur
\n<\/span><\/strong>Enter Administrateur’s password: # le mot de passe administrateur de AD
\n<\/em>Joined domain FORMATION.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de AD, on peut v\u00e9rifier en regardant les machines int\u00e9gr\u00e9es et l’on voir bien le nom netBIOS de SMB.CONF (debian dans notre cas)<\/p>\n

\"Capture\"<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pour tester et interroger l’annuaire LDAP :
\nwbinfo -u #montre tous les users du domaine<\/span>
\nwbinfo -g #montre tous les groupes du domaine<\/span><\/p>\n

VIII – LOGIN<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Depuis un terminal Linux :
\nsu – michel<\/span><\/span>
\n… cr\u00e9ation du r\u00e9pertoire etc …
\n#pour tester la connexion<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Il ne reste plus qu’\u00e0 s’authentifier depuis une\u00a0machine\u00a0Windows …<\/p>\n

\"Capture1\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans ce cours, nous allons voir comment int\u00e9grer un poste Linux avec des partages samba dans un domaine Active Directory ( Windows\u00a0Server\u00a02012 ) Rappel : Active Directory\u00a0(AD) est …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1588,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,39],"tags":[26],"class_list":["post-221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux-admin","category-tutoriels","tag-active-directory"],"yoast_head":"\nSamba en int\u00e9gration AD (Windows Server 2012) - Tutoriel N\u00b03 - Tutoriels et Cours<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/samba-en-integration-ad\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Samba en int\u00e9gration AD (Windows Server 2012) - 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