{"id":265,"date":"2022-08-08T19:04:21","date_gmt":"2022-08-08T18:04:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/?p=265"},"modified":"2022-10-28T14:20:23","modified_gmt":"2022-10-28T13:20:23","slug":"compilation-kernel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/compilation-kernel\/","title":{"rendered":"Compilation Kernel &#8211; Modules Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pdfprnt-buttons pdfprnt-buttons-post pdfprnt-top-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265?print=pdf\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"image_pdf\" title=\"Afficher le PDF\" \/><span class=\"pdfprnt-button-title pdfprnt-button-pdf-title\">Enregistrer en PDF<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265?print=print\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-print\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><\/div><p><strong><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">I\u25ba Nous allons voir dans cet article comment compiler et installer un nouveau noyau Linux :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">On r\u00e9cup\u00e8re dans un 1er temps l&#8217;archive du noyau sur le site officiel : <\/span><a style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kernel.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.kernel.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">cp \/home\/tux\/T\u00e9l\u00e9chargements\/linux-3.7.6.tar.bz2 dans \/usr\/src\/<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">#Avant de d\u00e9tarer l&#8217;archive ..<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">.<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">cd \/usr\/src<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">tar xvfj\u00a0linux-3.7.6.tar.bz2<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">cd linux-3.7.6<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">vi .makefile\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">#ligne N\u00b04\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">pour changer le num\u00e9ro d&#8217;extraversion du kernel =&gt; optionnel<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">make mrproper\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">#nettoie une \u00e9ventuelle pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente compilation -&gt;\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">efface tous les .config<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">Avant de compiler v\u00e9rifiez bien qu&#8217;il n&#8217;y ait pas de .config<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">=&gt; 1 &#8211; Pr\u00e9paration \u00e0 la compilation du noyau :\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">plusieurs<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">\u00a0m\u00e9thodes<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Librairies de\u00a0d\u00e9veloppement\u00a0n\u00e9cessaires :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>GCC &#8211; G++<\/li>\n<li>LIBNCURSES5-DEV<\/li>\n<li>LIBNCURSESW5-DEV<\/li>\n<li>LIBQT4<\/li>\n<li>LIBQT3-DEV<\/li>\n<li>LIBQT4-xxxxxxxxx<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">make config\u00a0<\/strong><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">#tout \u00e0 la main<\/span> <\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">\ud83d\ude41<\/span><br style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\" \/><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">make xconfig\u00a0<\/strong><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">#serveur X<\/span><\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> \ud83d\ude42<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 24px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mb-creation-web.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-277\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mb-creation-web.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture.png\" alt=\"Capture\" width=\"954\" height=\"559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture.png 954w, https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture-624x365.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 954px) 100vw, 954px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><strong>make menuconfig<\/strong><em><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"> #m\u00e9thode console<\/span><\/em> \ud83d\ude42<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mb-creation-web.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mb-creation-web.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture1.png\" alt=\"Capture\" width=\"830\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture1.png 830w, https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture1-300x185.png 300w, https:\/\/bocciolesi.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Capture1-624x386.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 830px) 100vw, 830px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">make oldconfig\u00a0<\/strong><em style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">#en repartant d&#8217;une derni\u00e8re compil<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">=&gt; 2- Compilation et d\u00e9ploiement :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">A- Compilation : cr\u00e9ation du noyau<\/span><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">make bzImage ou make<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><em><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"> (<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #888888;\">tout simplement)<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">B- Compilation des modules<\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"> :\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">make modules<span style=\"color: #888888;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">#cr\u00e9e les modules<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">C- D\u00e9ploiement des modules dans l&#8217;arborescence Linux<\/span><br \/>\n<strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">make modules_install<span style=\"color: #888888;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em>#place les modules dans \/lib\/modules\/&lt;version&gt;<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">D- Copie du noyau, System Map dans \/boot, cr\u00e9ation de l&#8217;init Ram disk et Mise \u00e0 jour de GRUB<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; color: #444444; font-size: 1rem;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; color: #444444; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">1- cp arch\/I386&#8230; ou x86\/boot\/bzImage \/boot\/vmlinuz-&lt;version&gt;<br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">#copie le noyau compil\u00e9 sous \/boot\/<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">2- cp System.map \/boot\/System.map-&lt;version&gt;<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">#copie le mappage m\u00e9moire<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Le Sytem Map contient la table des symboles du noyau pour le chargement des modules. On peut d&#8217;ailleurs dans certains cas faire un <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">depmod -F<\/span> NonDuFichierSystemMap si l&#8217;on souhaite reconstruire le fichier des d\u00e9pendances des modules depuis ce fichier &#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">Cr\u00e9ation du RamDisk <\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">InitRD<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">: Ce RamDisk pr\u00e9pare le chargement du noyau en RAM.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">InitRD charge le n\u00e9cessaire permettant d&#8217;acc\u00e9der au syst\u00e8me de fichiers racine dans le but de charger le\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">syst\u00e8me<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">\u00a0de base et les services.<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Outil<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\"> :\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">initramfs-tools &#8211; tools for generating an initramfs<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">3- mkinitramfs -o initrd.img-3.7.6 3.7.6<br \/>\n<\/strong><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><em><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><em>mkinitramfs -o initrd.img-&lt;version&gt; &lt;version&gt; #chemin vers \/lib\/modules<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Attention<\/strong> : Il faut copier le \/usr\/src\/linux<em>-&lt;version&gt;<\/em>\/.config dans \/boot\/config<em>-&lt;version&gt; pour que le intramfs fonctionne !!<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">Update de grub :<\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><br \/>\n4- update-grub<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">Autre m\u00e9thode qui simplifie totalement l&#8217;\u00e9tape D :<\/span><br style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\" \/><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">make install<\/strong><br style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\" \/><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> d\u00e9place le noyau bzImage, le System Map, cr\u00e9e l&#8217;initRD et met \u00e0 jour le GRUB<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Une petite pri\u00e8re &#8230; \ud83d\ude42 Init 6<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>En esp\u00e9rant que cela ait fonctionn\u00e9, si cela ne fonctionne pas v\u00e9rifier vos options de compilation et le RamDisk. Nous allons voir une autre m\u00e9thode : make oldconfig qui permet de compiler un noyau en repartant du noyau actuel :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\">cp \/boot\/config-&lt;version_actuelle&gt; \/usr\/src\/linux-&lt;version&gt;\/.config<\/span><\/li>\n<li>make mrproper<\/li>\n<li>make oldconfig<\/li>\n<li>&#8230; et on reprends la suite comme ci-dessus<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">=&gt; M\u00e9thode rapide sous debian :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>apt-cache search linux-image<br \/>\napt-get install linux-image-&lt;version&gt;<br \/>\nupdate-grub<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"color: #800080; line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">=&gt; M\u00e9thode rapide sous RH\/CentOs :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>yum search kernel-devel<br \/>\nyum install kernel-devel-&lt;version&gt;<br \/>\nupdate-grub<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">=&gt; Compilation d&#8217;un module<\/span><\/strong> (voir l&#8217;article concernant la gestion des p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques )<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mb-creation-web.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/udev-hal-smart\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.mb-creation-web.fr\/tutoriels-et-cours\/udev-hal-smart\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Michel BOCCIOLESI<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I\u25ba Nous allons voir dans cet article comment compiler et installer un nouveau noyau Linux : On r\u00e9cup\u00e8re dans un 1er temps l&#8217;archive du noyau sur le site &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1541,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,34,39],"tags":[28],"class_list":["post-265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","category-linux-admin","category-tutoriels","tag-compilation-du-noyau-linux"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - 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